In 2022, Australia ranked 25th out of the 132 economies featured in the GII 2022, down from being 22nd in 2019. If no button appears, you cannot download or save the media. [225] Elections for both chambers are normally held every three years simultaneously; senators have overlapping six-year terms except for those from the territories, whose terms are not fixed but are tied to the electoral cycle for the lower house; thus only 40 of the 76 places in the Senate are put to each election unless the cycle is interrupted by a double dissolution. Population Density8 people per square kilometer, Highest ElevationMount Kosciuszko, Australia (2,228 meters/7,310 feet), Most Renewable Electricity ProducedNew Zealand (73%; hydropower, geothermal, wind, biomass), Largest Urban AreaSydney, Australia (4 million people), Largest WatershedMurray-Darling river system (1 million square kilometers/409,835 square miles). [369] The cultural divergence and evolution that has occurred over the centuries since European settlement has resulted in a distinctive Australian culture. The Largest Islands in Australia - WorldAtlas [99], After the 1907 Imperial Conference, Australia and several other self-governing British settler colonies were given the status of self-governing "dominions" within the British Empire. As part of the 2009 Copenhagen Accord, countries such as Australia and New Zealand agreed to reduce carbon emissions. It is a major non-NATO ally of the United States. Australia. Nick Routley Article/Editing: Nicholas LePan LinkedIn Use This Visualization Visualizing Countries by Share of Earth's Surface There are over 510 million square kilometers of area on the surface of Earth, but less than 30% of this is covered by land. Australia adopted it in 1942,[104] but it was backdated to 1939 to confirm the validity of legislation passed by the Australian Parliament during World War II. Geologists have proven that this story is accurate. [263] Australia has a labour force of some 13.5 million, with an unemployment rate of 3.5% as of June 2022. With this we are able to place that country anywhere . [338] Known as Medicare, it is now nominally funded by an income tax surcharge known as the Medicare levy, currently at 2%. [27] Some of the largest mines on the Australian mainland are listed below: The Australian mainland's various geology and climate, has led to the increased utilisation of renewable energy (solar, wind and hydro) over recent decades. Text on this page is printable and can be used according to our Terms of Service. Most of Australia and Oceania is under the Pacific, a vast body of water that is larger than all the Earth's continental landmasses and islands combined. [384] Australian public intellectuals have also written seminal works in their respective fields, including feminist Germaine Greer and philosopher Peter Singer. Continent With Australia, generally only the largest landmass, the country of Australian, is considered to be part of the continent, but the continent itself consists of several countries. [8] LANGUAGE USED AT HOME BY STATE AND TERRITORY", "2001 Australia, Census All persons QuickStats | Australian Bureau of Statistics", "Life expectancy at birth, total (years) - Australia", "quitnow Smoking A Leading Cause of Death", "Current healthcare expenditure (% of GDP) - Australia", "Estimation of total and excess mortality due to COVID-19", "Thousands of parents illegally home schooling", "The Department of Education Schools and You Schooling", "Australian Education | Australian Education System | Education | Study in Australia", "The Most Educated Countries in the World Yahoo Finance", "And the World's Most Educated Country Is ", "Subscribe to The Australian | Newspaper home delivery, website, iPad, iPhone & Android apps", "Australian universities double down on international students", "Record number of international students sticking around on work visas", "About Australia: World Heritage properties", "Brett Whiteley: nature:: Art Gallery NSW", "The Miles Franklin Literary Award australia.gov.au", Australia's Nobel Laureates and the Nobel Prize, "Australia's Booker prize record suggests others will come in Flanagan's wake", "Three Australian books that changed history", "Evaluation of the Orchestras Review 2005 funding package implementation", "35 per cent increase in funding for Australia's major performing arts companies", "The first wave of Australian feature film production", "Australian Identity: A Cinematic Roll Call", "Australian film has had its biggest year at the box office ever. [113] Of about 416,000 who served, about 60,000 were killed and another 152,000 were wounded. [322] The National Indigenous Languages Survey (NILS) for 201819 found that more than 120 Indigenous language varieties were in use or being revived, although 70 of those in use were endangered. [376] The impressionistic works of Arthur Streeton, Tom Roberts and other members of the 19th-century Heidelberg Schoolthe first "distinctively Australian" movement in Western artgave expression to nationalist sentiments in the lead-up to Federation. The coastline data is nationally uniform, is sourced primarily from the 1:100000 scale National Topographic Map Series and is the most authoritative data source currently available to calculate the area of Australia. Aborigines suffer from disproportionately high rates of disease, imprisonment, and unemployment. 1996 - 2023 National Geographic Society. [72] He sighted the coast of Cape York Peninsula in early 1606, and made landfall on 26 February 1606 at the Pennefather River near the modern town of Weipa on Cape York. [410] The nation also ranks highly in beer consumption,[411] with each state and territory hosting numerous breweries. It includes Australia, the smallest continent in terms of total land area. [63][64] Recent archaeological finds suggest that a population of 750,000 could have been sustained. Vocabulary. Mainland Australia is the main landmass of the Australian continent, excluding the Aru Islands, New Guinea, Tasmania, and other Australian offshore islands. Much of the Western Plateau receives minimal rainfall and thus appears red in colour. Land Mass and Population by Country | FlowingData [20] This division is host to some of the mainlands major cities, namely, Brisbane, Sydney and Melbourne, due to its hospitable conditions. [29] The next four largest cities are Melbourne, Brisbane, Perth, and Adelaide. The western half of Australia consists of the Western Plateau, which rises to mountain heights near the west coast and falls to lower elevations near the continental centre. Over the next 6,000 [10] years the ice gradually melted, increasing sea-levels, cutting off Papua New Guinea and Tasmania from mainland Australia. Australia arable land for 2018 was 30,974,000, a 0.72% increase from 2017. CSV XML EXCEL. In 1909, this compromise was agreed upon and was finally legislated in 1911. [363] Prior to 1850, Australia was dominated by Indigenous cultures. In addition Australia has the following inhabited, external territories: Norfolk Island, Christmas Island, Cocos (Keeling) Islands, and several largely uninhabited external territories: Ashmore and Cartier Islands, Coral Sea Islands, and Heard Island and McDonald Islands. The religion question is optional in the Australian Census. [N 10][315], Although English is not the official language of Australia in law, it is the de facto official and national language. Many people were forcibly removed from their island homes. Australia and Oceania: Human Geography - Education Banivanua Mar, Tracey; Edmonds, Penelope (2013). [337] It introduced universal health care in 1975. Western Australia - Wikipedia The Globe Number 72, 2013, "When did modern humans get to Australia? Australia is a country and an island located in Oceania between the Indian Ocean and the South Pacific Ocean. Each country is represented by a group of artist-delegates and each festival is centered on a specific theme. These represent labour markets and the functional area of Australian capital cities. Seen from the air, its vast plains, sometimes the colour of dried blood, more often tawny like a lion's skin, may seem to be one huge desert. Most early convicts were transported for petty crimes and assigned as labourers or servants to "free settlers" (non-convict immigrants). Facilities such as the Square Kilometre Array and Australia Telescope Compact Array radio telescopes, telescopes such as the Siding Spring Observatory, and ground stations such as the Canberra Deep Space Communication Complex are of great assistance in deep space exploration missions, primarily by NASA. [323] The 2021 census found that 167 Indigenous languages were spoken at home by 76,978 Indigenous Australians. [280] The 2021 Travel and Tourism Competitiveness Report ranked Australia seventh-highest in the world out of 117 countries. Land area (sq. km) - United States | Data Regular burning by these settlers could have prevented monsoons from reaching interior Australia. Australia is the planet's sixth largest country after Russia, Canada, China, the USA, and Brazil. [38], The name Australia (pronounced /streli/ in Australian English[39]) is derived from the Latin Terra Australis ("southern land"), a name used for a hypothetical continent in the Southern Hemisphere since ancient times. He documented the first interaction of the Eastern Australian coastline, and on 23 April 1770, Cook made the first recorded observation of Indigenous Australians[17] at nowadays Brush Island. All six colonies were constitutionally connected to Britain, each with their own parliament and courts, with their respective laws subject to the laws of British Parliament. 2019 was Australia's warmest recorded year,[186] and the 20192020 bushfire season was the country's worst on record. The headwaters of some waterways are located in tropical regions where summer rains create a high rate of discharge. The geography of the continent is extremely diverse, ranging from the snow-capped mountains of the Australian Alps and Tasmania to large deserts, tropical and temperate forests, grasslands, heathlands and woodlands. [223] The House of Representatives (the lower house) has 151 members elected from single-member electoral divisions, commonly known as "electorates" or "seats", allocated to states on the basis of population,[224] with each original state guaranteed a minimum of five seats. [34] In 2021, approximately 28.9% of the mainland's total electricity generation was from renewable energy sources with South Australia at 66.5% renewable energy generation, Victoria at 33.4%, Western Australia at 31.5%, New South Wales at 26.0% and Queensland at 19.6%. But climate change could be making it worse", "Fact check: Are feral cats killing over 20 billion native animals a year? Geography of land - Wikipedia [41] When Europeans began visiting and mapping Australia in the 17th century, the name Terra Australis was naturally applied to the new territories. The map and area statistics below show national scale land use mapping for Australia for 2015-16. They are now considered a major factor in the decline and extinction of many vulnerable and endangered native species. Warming temperatures have severely damaged many of Australia and Oceanias coral reef ecosystems, contributed to major droughts in Australia, and increased glacier melt in New Zealand and Papua New Guinea.Governments and intergovernmental agencies in Australia and Oceania are taking steps to minimize the effects of climate change. [381] Miles Franklin is the namesake of Australia's most prestigious literary prize, awarded annually to the best novel about Australian life. More than 2,000 participants from 27 countries attend the festival. [187] Australia's greenhouse gas emissions per capita are among the highest in the world. Western Australia is Australia's largest state, with a total land area of 2,527,013 square kilometres (975,685 sq mi). Geography > Area > Land: Countries Compared - NationMaster [8] [328] The largest religion is Christianity (43.9% of the population).

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