To feel like a stranger in my country is a problem, she said, adding that she just wanted to be left alone to practice her faith. Whatever theactual size, France's Islamic minority has become a subject of concern and sometimes fear-mongering. So few Muslim women wear the burqa in Europe that - The Conversation "I think the imams are a bit too nice to them. But there are questions over how much influence imams have among younger Muslims, especially when it comes to extremist violence. 147, 148, 149 Muslims in Europe. Muslims have organized themselves in several principal federations, oriented in part along lines of national origin. The number of Muslim asylum seekers in legal limbo i.e., those who already have had or are expected to have their applications for asylum rejected varies substantially from country to country, largely because of differences in policies on asylum, variation in the number of applications received and differing origins of those migrants. The impact of these scenarios is uneven across different European countries (see maps below); due in large part to government policies, some countries are much more affected by migration than others. VideoSolving the air-con conundrum, Fury in The Gambia over India cough syrup deaths, Chicken, chips and Zimbabwe's taste for democracy. Similar in size, the Union des Organisations Islamiques de France (UOIF) is a large umbrella organization with Moroccan and Egyptian ties. Ahead of elections in April, President Emmanuel Macrons top three rivals who are expected to account for nearly 50 percent of the vote, according to polls are all running anti-immigrant campaigns that fan fears of a nation facing a civilizational threat by invading non-Europeans. He closely monitors the campaign for the upcoming presidential elections. In all, there are five mosques in use in France that were built expressly as mosques. France also received more than half a million Muslim migrants predominantly regular migrants between mid-2010 and mid-2016, while 400,000 Muslims arrived in Italy. When the television series based on his work, The Savages, was broadcast in 2019, it became an immediate hit for the company behind it, Canal Plus and an unusual one, imagining France for the first time led by a president of North African descent. Religion is estimated in this report based on available information about countries of origin and migration flow patterns by religion application decisions are not reported by religious group. Europes Muslim population is diverse. Muslim associations say the number is as high as 200,000. Currently, you are using a shared account. The fallout is deepening amid renewed French support for the right to show caricatures of the Prophet Muhammad. The long-neglected Harkis, who had fought on the side of France and were massacred by nationalist Algerians, finally received a presidential day of honor. Is there such a thing as a 'Muslim vote' in France? - The Conversation Islam by country - Wikipedia According to Razika Adnani of the Foundation for Islam in France, a body designed to foster a moderate form of Islam and improve relations between the French state and Muslim communities, the notion of a fear of Islam has long been used by Islamists to curtail all criticism of the Islam they preach. Theres a hyper-politicisation of Islam in France, but Muslims are largely kept out of the conversation, Boubekeur said. When Ms. Yade born in Senegal in a Muslim family was appointed a junior government minister in 2007, she believed it would be a starting point. But after an unsuccessful bid for the presidency in 2017, she left for the United States. One such method is to use the French statistical agency's (INSEE) annual database of first names given to newborns. The 1905 law separating church and state prevents the public funding and official recognition of religious communities. But Hassen Chalghoumi, imam of the Drancy mosque on the outskirts of Paris, says that after years of terrorist attacks, the government has been forced to act. This difference of one child per woman is particularly significant given that fertility among European Muslims exceeds replacement level (i.e., the rate of births needed to sustain the size of a population) while non-Muslims are not having enough children to keep their population steady. To her, the presidential races focus on immigration was the consecration of 20 years of deterioration in a political culture obsessed with national identity. There are laws in France to prevent anyone from applying Sharia law. Charlie Hebdo announced that it will republish the cartoons of the Prophet Muhammad to mark the start of the trial of alleged accomplices in the deadly 2015 attack. For instance, Germanys population (6% Muslim in 2016) would be projected to be about 20% Muslim by 2050 in the high scenario a reflection of the fact that Germany has accepted many Muslim refugees in recent years compared with 11% in the medium scenario and 9% in the zero migration scenario. Her voice had effectively been silenced by female lawmakers who marched out in the name of womens rights. One is discrimination because it . Elyes Saafi with his wife, Mathilde, and son, Noori, near their home outside London. The president gave Frances highest civilian award, the Legion of Honour, to Paty and said he had been slain by cowards for representing the secular, democratic values of the French republic. Paty was attacked on his way home from the junior high school where he taught in Conflans-Sainte-Honorine, about 30 kilometres (19 miles) northwest of Paris. Pew Research Center does not take policy positions. (+1) 202-419-4300 | Main Overall, an estimated 43% of all migrants to the UK between mid-2010 and mid-2016 were Muslims. But France, which has a population of about 65 million, defines itself as secular and has no official statistics broken down by race or creed. The tenor of the race has stoked dread as they watch it from abroad, say Mr. Louatah and others who have left, speaking with a mix of anger and resignation of their home country, where they still have family and other strong ties. facts. In Philadelphia, he is writing a new novel that deals with exile from a country that is never named. This rejection rate is similar to Swedens; Sweden ultimately is expected to reject an estimated 90,000 out of roughly 240,000 Muslim applications (again, excluding withdrawals). Where France's Possible New Hijab Ban Fits Into History | Time Le Pen is bad, but many French Muslims like me don't want to vote for In this case and many others, migrants religious composition is assumed to match the religious composition of their origin country. She had quit her political party for which Ms. Pcresse is now the candidate because, Ms. Yade said, it had become very hostile to anything that did not represent a fantasy version of French identity.. Whether from the disruptive actions of a few, or because the five million Muslims residing in France are beginning to take on organized religious and political contours, a decisive moment has arrived in the French Republics long coexistence with Islam. Many Muslim leaders would like to combine the roles of political and religious interlocutor in a single council. His father operated a spinning machine at a textile factory. Muslims in the UK and France, meanwhile, average 2.9 children a full child more per woman than non-Muslims. A spokeswoman for Canal Plus said that the series had been planned for only one season. Islamists want to live in separate communities, without respecting French laws and values, and this is neither in France's interest nor in that of French Muslims, Adnani said. Muslim population in France - BBC News Other, smaller European countries also are expected to experience significant growth in their Muslim populations if regular migration or an influx of refugees continues (or both). In this scenario, roughly three-in-ten Swedes (30.6%) would be Muslim at midcentury. But neither should the very real stigmatisation of Muslims be denied or dismissed., Bouzar added: Every time we deny the discrimination and negative stereotyping that many Muslims are subjected to, we help the radical groups who feed on the discrepancy between the Republican promise of equality and the reality they experience day to day.. 146 Forty-two percent of the nearly 6 million French Muslims report feeling discriminated against Muslims are less than half as likely to receive a callback for a job than Christians with the same credentials. While Islam is a favourite topic of politicians and the media, Muslims seldom get to have their say, Boubakeur argued. The games spectacular ending gave a different impression from that desired by its organizers. But in my own country, Im not French.. However, she added, this should not be used to stigmatise all Muslims. ", Ipsos, Out of 100 people living in France, about how many, according to you, are Muslims? This scenario only models regular migration. As of 2016, France and Germany have the highest numbers of Muslims in Europe. Olivier Roy, an expert in French Islam, says the Charter raises two problems. EPA Prayers at the Paris Grand Mosque By Lucy Williamson BBC Paris correspondent France's Muslim Council is due to meet President Emmanuel Macron this week, to confirm the text of a new. The low fertility rate in Europe among non-Muslims is largely responsible for the projected decline in the regions total population without future migration. Because a larger share of Muslims relative to the general population are in their child-bearing years, their population would grow faster, even if Muslims and non-Muslims had the same fertility rates. The republican notion of citizenship keeps religious practice and ethnic origin squarely in the private domain (and the French are wary of past abuses of such government files). PARIS Frances wounded psyche is the invisible character in every one of Sabri Louatahs novels and the hit television series he wrote. A similar number of regular migrants from outside Europe also arrived in Germany in recent years (680,000). Finally, a high migration scenario projects the record flow of refugees into Europe between 2014 and 2016 to continue indefinitely into the future with the same religious composition (i.e., mostly made up of Muslims) in addition to the typical annual flow of regular migrants. However, if religious persecution is a reason for seeking asylum, that context (as opposed to religious affiliation in and of itself) can be considered in the decision process. Pew Research Centers three scenarios projecting the future size of the Muslim population in Europe reflect uncertainty about future migration flows due to political and social conditions outside of Europe, as well as shifting immigration policies in the region. Islamophobic attacks in France increase by 53% in 2020 The biggest increase for a country in any scenario would be Sweden in the high scenario an increase of 22.4 percentage points, with the percentage of Muslims in the Swedish population rising to 30.6%. Since Napoleon forcefully organized Catholics, Protestants, and Jews in centralized consistoires with designated religious heads, those communities have developed parallel umbrella institutions in the political and social domains. In this scenario, Muslims could make up 14% of Europes population by 2050 nearly triple the current share, but still considerably smaller than the populations of both Christians and people with no religion in Europe. (These figures do not include an additional 970,000 Muslim asylum seekers and 680,000 non-Muslim asylum seekers who arrived between mid-2010 and mid-2016 but are not projected to receive legal status in Europe.). Changing government policies in European countries can have a major impact on migration flows. Mr. Louatah, the writer in Philadelphia, whose French wife is an economist and teaches at the University of Pennsylvania, said he hoped to return one day to the country that fills his novels. [Graph], Ipsos, December 5, 2018. On October 2, the day President Emmanuel Macron unveiled his plan to fight "Islamist separatism" in France, the mayor of the Paris suburb of Trappes, 35-year-old Ali Rabeh, was invited by French. In 2020, anti-Muslim acts in France jumped 52 percent compared with the previous year, according to official complaints gathered by the governments National Human Rights Commission. In the medium migration scenario, with projected future regular migration but no refugees, the Muslim share of Europe would rise to 11.2% by midcentury. Is there a "Muslim vote" in France? | Brookings President Chirac did not let a month pass after Septembers attacks before convening leaders from the French Muslim world at the Elyse, and the new mayor of Paris organized a gala soire du Ramadan at the Htel de Ville this year. In a national address, Macron said no concessions would be made in a new drive to push religion out of education and the public sector in France. How do Americans feel about Zionism, antisemitism, and Israel? Directly accessible data for 170 industries from 150+ countries A steady annual flow of thousands has persisted under family reunification provisions. 1615 L St. NW, Suite 800Washington, DC 20036USA However, the same survey found that 44 percent of French Muslims believe the rest of society has little regard for them. Given the variety of different backgrounds French Muslims come from, attempting to singularly define their positions may ultimately adifficult, even impossible task. She said Lallab was frequently accused of advocating hijabs, lamenting a demonisation of those, like us, who seek to combat both Islamism and Islamophobia. ), Not all children born to Muslim women will ultimately identify as Muslims, but children are generally more likely to adopt their parents religious identity than any other.5. In fact, with about 800,000 newcomers from other EU countries, Germany received more intra-EU migrants than regular migrants from outside the EU. Only Germany, the UK, France and Italy received more Muslim migrants to Europe overall since mid-2010. Advertisement. She recently returned to Paris and is looking for work again abroad. Some of the Muslims enumerated in this report would not describe Muslim identity as salient in their daily lives. Gun Owners, Protection Is the Main Reason They Own a Gun, Why Some Americans Do Not See Urgency on Climate Change. It was outside France that, for the first time, the simple fact that they are French was not questioned, some said. Newcomers to Britain surged before Brexit, he said, adding that they were mostly young families and single mothers who found it difficult to find jobs in France because they wore the Muslim veil. Even if every EU country plus Norway and Switzerland immediately closed its borders to any further migration, the Muslim share of the population in these 30 countries would be expected to rise from 4.9% in 2016 to 7.4% in 2050 simply due to prevailing demographic trends. Read about our approach to external linking. The following section examines more deeply the three projection scenarios on a country-by-country basis. Lucie Jeudy , Jun 21, 2022. Migration, however, does mitigate this decline somewhat; nearly half of all recent migrants to Europe (47%) were not Muslim, with Christians making up the next-largest group. But because Sweden is home to fewer than 10 million people, these arrivals have a bigger impact on Swedens overall religious composition than does Muslim migration to larger countries in Western Europe. Polands Muslim population was roughly 10,000 in 2016 and would only rise to 50,000 in the medium scenario and 60,000 in the high scenario. At home, her immigrant parents stressed the. She saw the current backlash in France against wokisme or supposedly woke American ideas on social justice as nothing else but a pretext to no longer fight discrimination.. According to Rim-Sarah Alouane, a legal scholar specialising in religious freedom at the University of Toulouse, French secularism is increasingly being weaponised to silence Muslim voices and not only the radical ones. They include the research project into the emigration of French Muslims led by academics affiliated with the University of Lille, a leading French university, and the National Center for Scientific Research, the French governments main research institution. "This is the price we have to pay because of the extremists.". But among them, according to academic researchers, is a growing number of French Muslims who say that discrimination was a strong push factor and that they felt compelled to leave by a glass ceiling of prejudice, nagging questions about their security and a feeling of not belonging. French President Emmanuel Macron says France 'will never give in'. The UK, however, actually was the destination for a larger number of migrants from outside Europe overall between mid-2010 and mid-2016 (1.6 million). France's Muslim Council is due to meet President Emmanuel Macron this week, to confirm the text of a new "charter of republican values" for imams in the country to sign. To try to stem the tide, Italy has worked with the Libyan coast guard to develop techniques to stop boats carrying the migrants, among other policies and tactics. As sentiments hardened against all French Muslims, he no longer felt safe there. Following two attacks in October, President Emmanuel Macron announced a. shows up and he has a turban on his head, and he mixes with his employees.. Muslims in France - the former colonies of which include predominantly Muslim countries in North and West Africa as well as the Middle East - are about 6% of the population. In his October 2 speech, Macron was careful to distinguish between that majority and the small number of radicalised Islamists who foster hatred of France and the Western way of life. Germany follows with 3.3 million, Britain with 1.6 million, and Italy and the Netherlands with as many as 1 million each. In some countries, the disparity is large. Accessed August 22, 2023. https://www.statista.com/statistics/1081494/proportion-of-muslims-islam-population-in-france/, Ipsos. Muslim Population by Country 2023 - World Population Review You have to prove that you're really French: you have to eat pork; drink wine; not wear hijab, wear miniskirts. Issued on: 30/10/2020 - 22:14Modified: 30/10/2020 - 22:17. List of cities in the European Union by Muslim population Since then, she has noticed a "huge shift" to the right on issues like immigration and security. The result is a difficulty to understand the extraordinary diversity of opinions and customs among the estimated five million people who make up Frances Muslim population, the largest in Europe. It is a subsidiary of The Pew Charitable Trusts. In Saudi Arabia on Thursday, state television reported that a Saudi man had been arrested in the city of Jeddah after attacking and injuring a guard at the French consulate. These estimates do not include migration from one EU country to another. Muslims in France hail from a large number of countries, although most came from North Africa, mainly Algeria, Morocco, and Tunisia (known as the Maghreb). The conversation soon veered into acrimony when one of the channels regular commentators quizzed the mayor about the prevalence of political Islam in Trappes, a territory lost to the Republic. 2023 Copyright France 24 - All rights reserved. Coming up with an exact count of Muslims currently in Europe, however, is not a simple task. Apparently not. clockThis article was published more than8 years ago. By comparison, the non-Muslim population in Europe declined slightly between 2010 and 2016. According to Bouzar, such incidents are routinely exploited by Islamists to back their claims that Muslims are not free to practise their religion in France. Only recently have academic researchers begun to form snapshots of French Muslims who have left. Near the Grand Mosque of Paris last month. How France Defeated the Islamic Empire1,300 Years Ago But in the medium migration scenario, the United Kingdom would surpass them, with a projected 13 million Muslims in 2050 (compared with a projected 12.6 million in France and 8.5 million in Germany). Our quiz, Why Jasprit Bumrah is so important for Indian cricket, The race to unravel the mysteries of Moon's south pole, Solving the air-con conundrum. 3 Muslims are much younger and have more children than other Europeans. Many live in low-income quartiers outside the major cities. From now until midcentury, some countries in Europe could see their Muslim populations rise significantly in the medium and high scenarios. Reflecting the presence of immigrants from North Africa, Algeria, and Morocco, France has one of Europe's largest Muslim populations: an estimated 5,000,000 Muslims, a sizable percentage of them living in and around Marseille in southeastern France, as well as in Paris and Lyon. Immediate access to statistics, forecasts & reports, Muslim population share in the Benelux region 2016, by country, Grocery expenditure during and outside Ramadan in the Netherlands 2014-2017, People celebrated Eid al-Fitr with in the Netherlands 2017, Opinions on making Eid al-Fitr an official holiday in the Netherlands 2019, Knowledge about religion in the Netherlands 2017, by religion, Opinions on the impact of Islam in the Netherlands 2018, Willingness to accept Jews/Muslims into the family in the Netherlands 2017, Opinions on restricting religious clothing of Muslim women in the Netherlands 2017, Opinions on the burqa ban in the Netherlands 2019, Share of people feeling threatened by burqas in Netherlands 2019, by political party, Opinion whether police officers should be allowed to wear headscarfs Netherlands 2017, Opinions on the cartoon contest organized by Geert Wilders in the Netherlands 2018, Opinions on cartoon contest organized by Wilders in the Netherlands 2018, by party, Registered cases of Muslim discrimination in the Netherlands 2017, by region, Share of registered cases of Muslim discrimination Netherlands 2017, by type, Opinions on discrimination of Muslims in the Netherlands 2017, Distribution of jihad fighters in the Netherlands 2012-2017, by descent, Number of jihad fighters in the Netherlands 2012-2017, by gender, Opinions on Muslims in own country supporting extremist groups the Netherlands 2017, Perceived relation between terrorist attacks and Islam in the Netherlands 2017, Opinions on likeliness terrorist attack in the Netherlands 2017, Opinions on Muslims wanting to impose religious law on everyone the Netherlands 2017, Share of Umrah performers during Ramadan in Saudi Arabia 2018 by location, Number of foreign Umrah performers during Ramadan in Saudi Arabia 2019 by nationality, Number of Umrah visa's issued for Ramadan in Saudi Arabia 2019, by type, Shiites - percentage of population in the Middle East, Italy: opinion on preaching in Italian in mosques 2016, Share of Muslims feeling looked down upon in Denmark 2017, Italy: opinion on immigrants threat to culture 2016, Danish Muslims feeling criticized due to Islamic physical appearance in 2017, Distribution of Umrah spending during Ramadan in Saudi Arab 2017 by spending level, Perceptions on qurban animal distribution to the poor Indonesia 2019, Perceptions on qurban animal slaughtering Indonesia 2019, Number of individuals in Muslim communities in Finland 2012-2022, Difficulty finding a job with Muslim background in Denmark 2017, Perceptions on witnessing qurban animal slaughtering Indonesia 2019, Number of people joining the Umrah during Ramadan in Saudi Arabia 2020, Perceptions on purchasing qurban animal through investment Indonesia 2019, Perceptions on the proportion of Muslims in selected European countries in 2018, Perceived and actual number of people who are Muslim by country 2018, Find your information in our database containing over 20,000 reports.

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